Command affecting the console or terminal

tput

Initialize terminal and/or fetch information about it from terminfo data. Various options permit certain terminal operations: tput clear is the equivalent of clear; tput reset is the equivalent of reset.

bash$ tput longname
xterm terminal emulator (X Window System)
	      

Issuing a tput cup X Y moves the cursor to the (X,Y) coordinates in the current terminal. A clear to erase the terminal screen would normally precede this.

Some interesting options to tput are:

• bold, for high-intensity text

• smul, to underline text in the terminal

• smso, to render text in reverse

• sgr0, to reset the terminal parameters (to normal), without clearing the screen

Example scripts using tput:

1. Example 36.15, “Echoing colored text”

2. Example 36.13, “A “colorized” address database”

3. Example A.44, “An all-purpose shell scripting homework assignment solution”

4. Example A.42, “Nim”

5. Example 27.2, “Formatting a poem”

Note that stty offers a more powerful command set for controlling a terminal.

infocmp

This command prints out extensive information about the current terminal. It references the terminfo database.

bash$ infocmp
#       Reconstructed via infocmp from file:
 /usr/share/terminfo/r/rxvt
 rxvt|rxvt terminal emulator (X Window System), 
         am, bce, eo, km, mir, msgr, xenl, xon, 
         colors#8, cols#80, it#8, lines#24, pairs#64, 
         acsc=``aaffggjjkkllmmnnooppqqrrssttuuvvwwxxyyzz{{||}}~~, 
         bel=^G, blink=\E[5m, bold=\E[1m,
         civis=\E[?25l, 
         clear=\E[H\E[2J, cnorm=\E[?25h, cr=^M, 
         ...
	      

reset

Reset terminal parameters and clear text screen. As with clear, the cursor and prompt reappear in the upper lefthand corner of the terminal.

clear

The clear command simply clears the text screen at the console or in an xterm. The prompt and cursor reappear at the upper lefthand corner of the screen or xterm window. This command may be used either at the command line or in a script. See Example 11.26, “Creating menus using case”.

resize

Echoes commands necessary to set $TERM and $TERMCAP to duplicate the size (dimensions) of the current terminal.

bash$ resize
set noglob;
 setenv COLUMNS '80';
 setenv LINES '24';
 unset noglob;
	        

script

This utility records (saves to a file) all the user keystrokes at the command-line in a console or an xterm window. This, in effect, creates a record of a session.